Crowd-sourced data showing locations of indoor and outdoor surveillance cameras is part of the OpenStreetMap project. Though the database appears to be massively underpopulated, it has some interesting potential applications.
Users/editors can add cameras to the database, per the wiki instructions. The easiest way to add a single camera is via the interactive map editor. Here is an example of a camera nearby that I added:
There is a field to include a URL if known, in this case the camera is one that our city makes available for public viewing. If you watch it at the right time during the week you might even see me on my morning walk. Or, more likely you'll see a blob that looks reasonably like me, this camera is in serious need of a cleaning.
Currently, the dataset appears fairly limited. None of the published public camera in my city were on the map before the 1 that I added, nor were any of the very visible private cameras inside and outside many local businesses. Surveillance camera locations are not shown by default in any of the standard OpenStreetMap views.
Still, even with the limited dataset, there are some interesting applications using this data. cctv.masspirates.org is attempting to plot cameras around Boston and Massachusetts in general. Surveillance under Surveillance shows locations of cameras around the globe.
Some of the more interesting applications are other devices that utilize this data, such as this Offline Camera Tracker, designed to correllate camera locations with your travel patterns in public, generating a report of how often you may have been surveilled during your travels.
A global map of surveillance cameras is likely to be controversial if it grows to become well populated. One challenge with the concept is that OpenStreetMap is a wiki-style project, meaning other users can edit or alter data. It would be reasonable to expect some corporations with private cameras not wanting their locations shown on the map. Similarly, some cities might not want traffic camera locations to be known, this could create a cat-and-mouse style game between editors and cameras owners.
While this may not be particularly reliable as a complete source of camera location information today, it is worth being aware of, particularly if you have surveillance cameras at your facility and want to know if their presence has raised to the level of being known and logged.